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I've started reading a 2014 novel about spy games between CIA and FSB. Here's what some clearsighted people saw in Russia back then:
“...your Russki is insecure, wants to be respected, to be feared like the old Soviet Union. They need recognition, and they hate their second-tier status in the superpower stakes. That’s why Putin’s putting together USSR 2.0, and no one is going to stand in his way.

...as the chain-wrapped corpse of the Soviet was exhumed, hauled dripping out of the swamp, and its heart was started again, and the old prisons were filled anew..."

Red Sparrow, by Jason Matthews.

upd. It sounds even better in French:

…tandis que le corps enchaîné du Soviétique était exhumé, tiré du marais encore ruisselant, que son cœur reprenait vie et que les vieilles prisons se remplissaient à nouveau…
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“When he was finally assassinated in 96 CE, the Roman aristocracy exhaled in relief. Many among them, foremost the courageous, had fallen victim to “that most savage beast,” as a contemporaneous writer described him. Especially during the last years of his regime, he had stifled life in the capital of the far-flung Roman Empire. Survival was bought with submissiveness and silence, enforced by informers who abolished any free exchange of thought and speech. After fifteen years of fear—a time span during which “young men had reached old age, old men almost the end of their days”—even survivors were mere shadows of their former selves, as if “they had survived themselves.”

--- Christopher B. Krebs. “A Most Dangerous Book.”
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Historian Stephen Kotkin calls current American policies "crackpot realism".
Crackpot realism is a political concept coined by sociologist C. Wright Mills in 1959 to describe leaders who pursue reckless, dangerous policies while believing themselves to be supremely rational and pragmatic. [1, 2, 3]

Based on the discussion in Yakov's journal, _трамповата_ thinks that crackpot realism is realpolitik.
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В твиттере дали ссылку на видео, где путин с самодовольным видом несет ахинею про былых медведей и касаток.

https://x.com/yarotrof/status/2093699411217936515

Его собеседники слушают эту херню и улыбаются, как будто он говорит, что-то остроумное. Как так получается? Такое впечатление, что у них мозги отключили на время разговора. Или на все время правления.

И еще, вчера мне попались на глаза старые записи о детстве в Л-де. Если задуматься, путиноиды украли у меня город и все связанное с ним. Ведь реально, из США я могу поехать туристом в любую нормальную страну, не опасаясь ареста; в любую, кроме России (и Северной Кореи). Вот французы, немцы, китайцы, филипинцы могут съездить посмотреть на свое прошлое, а мы - нет. Еще двадцать лет назад казалось, что вся эта совковая черезжоповость ушла навсегда. Но, нет. Пока путин не сдохнет, ничего не изменится. В принципе, в российском менталитете должна быть очень сильна "ошибка выжившего". Те, кто остались, воспринимают происходящую в стране черезжоповость как что-то нормальное или даже неизбежное. Сидят вокруг несущего ахинею вождя и улыбаются. А он продолжает убивать.

upd:
Mr Putin may express his aims using the language of geopolitics, but in fact he is guided by the criminal logic of his regime: never show weakness. Russia’s system has a high tolerance for violence, but is unforgiving of failure. He probably believes that ending the war without achieving even his minimum goal, taking all of Ukraine’s eastern Donbas region, would put him physically at risk. (“They will hang me,” he told some of his cronies at one point during the war, according to an insider.)

https://www.economist.com/europe/2026/08/30/cornered-vladimir-putin-plans-to-escalate-his-war
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This is probably the most coherent explanation of why some people think Trump is honest.


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Tim Snyder's lectures on history titled "Hitler and Stalin Today" are excellent and his reading list for it is even better. I wish I listened to the course before reading Kotkin's biography of Stalin. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lQA9sYBSkTc

During the last lecture (#10) he summarizes a couple of concepts I find particularly interesting and useful: politics of memory and politics of time.

Fundamentally, he emphasizes that history is a humanity, i.e. something we understand because we are humans, not machines. History is not something inevitable. Rather it's something that touches you and makes you take responsibility.
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The Great Chinese Famine (Chinese: 三年大饥荒; lit. 'three years of great famine') was a famine that occurred between 1959 and 1961 in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Some scholars have also included the years 1958 or 1962. It is widely regarded as the deadliest famine and one of the greatest man-made disasters in human history, with an estimated death toll due to starvation that ranges in the tens of millions (15 to 55 million), with newer estimates concentrated around 30 to 46 million excess famine deaths.

The major contributing factors in the famine were the policies of the Great Leap Forward (1958 to 1962) and people's communes, launched by Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party Mao Zedong, including inefficient food distribution within the nation's planned economy; the state's extremely high grain confiscation rates for foreign exports; the use of poor agricultural techniques and poor irrigation projects; the Eliminate Sparrows Campaign which significantly disrupted the Chinese ecosystem; over-reporting of food production and political suppression from the CCP; and the rapid transition of millions of farmers to industrial labor, iron production, and steel production.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Chinese_Famine

Via Timothy Snyder's lectures, Hitler and Stalin today.
https://youtu.be/5JUaJUqw7rU?si=xzliep4745RdnhSx&t=474
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During the first class of the MIT course on History of China the professor says that it's humanly impossible to learn the entire history of China (see below).



By contrast, we could feed all available texts on history of China to an LLM and it would _learn_ much more than humanly possible. Is this a meaningful change when it comes knowing history? Clearly, having an LLM that _learned_ all math or physics makes sense. Does the same apply to history or art?
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Россия переходит из состояния "людоеды" в состояние "трупоеды".
В Смоленской области на территории мемориального комплекса «Катынь» открылась выставка «Десять веков польской русофобии». Об этом сообщили организаторы выставки — Российское военно-историческое общество (РВИО), которое возглавляет помощник президента РФ Владимир Мединский.
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Regular reminder that Donald Trump’s core competency is not dealmaking with powerful counter-parties. It is duping gullible victims.

-- David Frum.
https://x.com/davidfrum/status/845314898276106240
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“Konrad Heiden’s exposé A History of National Socialism (Zurich, 1934). To wit: “Hitler, unable to control himself, simply does not know what he promises; his promises cannot be considered the promises of a solid partner. He breaks his promises as soon as it is in his interest to do so, and all the while continues to view himself as an honest person.”

--- Kotkin, Stephen. “[Stalin 02] • Waiting for Hitler, 1928–1941.”


Sounds like trump.
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When Trump blamed Ukraine for the Russian invasion, many people couldn’t understand how he could hold such a preposterous view. Some assumed he’d been hoodwinked by Russian propaganda. But there is a simpler explanation. According to the Trumpian worldview, considerations of justice, morality and international law are irrelevant, and the only thing that matters in international relations is power. Since Ukraine is weaker than Russia, it should have surrendered. In the Trumpian vision, peace means surrender, and since Ukraine refused to surrender, the war is its fault. 

--- Yuval Harari.

https://www.ft.com/content/06cc7b0f-3e32-4164-b096-ff92a1532236
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Читаю уже второй том биографии Сталина, написанной проф. Коткиным. Заодно, посмотрел его "дуэт" с Славоем Жижеком.

Запишу несколько впечатлений:
1. Из двух книг Коткина я узнал об истории России/СССР больше, чем за годы учебы в советской школe.
2. Сталин построил диктатуру в диктатуре, т.е. диктаторский режим внутри партии, которая была инструментом диктатуры в СССР.
3. В окружении Сталина не было людей, которые бы устроили коллективизацию ценой смерти миллионов крестьян и голода среди десятков миллионов.
4. Личность диктатора играет огромную роль, и его убийство может быть вариантом ее серьезного смягчения, т.е. спасением миллионов жизней.

Here, Zizek gives his recommendations on best fictional depictions of the Soviet System (Shalamov & Platonov). Funny, how he calls Akhmatova "an endlessly pretentious bitch."



upd. at the 1:26:27 mark Zizek makes a deep point that is quite relevant in today's America. First, he notes that modern communists/authoritarians, e.g. in China and Vietnam, are much more efficient capitalist managers than democracies. Then, he adds, "the problem is that for me global capitalism is approaching a stage where it less and less needs democracy."
Few years ago, Peter Thiel remarked that freedom wss incompatible with democracy; for him freedom meant its libertarian version for billionaires. He felt that democratic institutions were constraining his freedom and he set out to destroy them, using Vance, Trump, Musk, etc.
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Вопрос: Что для вас сегодня Россия?
Ответ[Сергей Гуриев]: Гитлеровская Германия с ядерным оружием.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MIuckXYrYIM
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...space-time cannot in reality be
considered as a self-subsistent entity. It is an abstraction, and its
explanation requires reference to that from which it has been extracted.
Space-time is the specification of certain general characters of events
and of their mutual ordering. This recurrence to concrete fact brings me
back to the eighteenth century, and indeed to Francis Bacon in the
seventeenth century.
...
in order to
understand the difficulties of modern scientific thought and also its
reactions on the modern world, we should have in our minds some
conception of a wider field of abstraction, a more concrete analysis,
which shall stand nearer to the complete concreteness of our intuitive
experience.

whitehead. Science..., 1925
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Russia's government structure is officially back to the 15th century, when it was a part of the Mongol empire.
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F: CxC --> C

F - lived happily ever after.

C:
D --> J
  \   ^
   \  |
      T


All narratives are Kan extensions ( in this particular case it's a Kan lift problem).

For example, when we consider today's Russian history textbooks*, the ultimate "happily ever after" narrative F:CxC -> C would be the strengthening of a centralized authoritarian state ("сплочение народа").

*https://langobard.livejournal.com/9843723.html
>>
Шорт-лист того, чем гражданин России должен гордиться из истории страны с точки зрения авторов нового вузовского курса "Основы российской государственности".
Цитирую по студенческому конспекту.
1. Освобождение от монголо-татарского ига.
2. Победа над Наполеоном.
3. Победа в Великой Отечественной.
4. Освоение космоса.
5. Восстановление после распада СССР.
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«Мифы составляют, говоря буквально, наиболее драгоценное сокровище племени. Они относятся к самой сердцевине того, что племя почитает как святыню. Наиболее важные мифы известны лишь старикам, которые ретиво оберегают их тайну... Старые хранители этих тайных знаний сидят в селении, немы, как сфин- ксы, и решают, в какой мере они могут, не навлекая опасности, доверить знания предков молодому поколению и в какой именно момент эта передача тайн может оказаться наиболее плодотворной...» (Леви-Брюль 262). Мифы — не только составные части жизни, они — части каждого человека в отдельности. Отнять у него рассказ — эти значит отнять у него жизнь.
...
Лишившись мифов, племя было бы не в состоянии удержать свое существование.

...начало этого процесса, процесса перерождения мифа в сказку, сказывается в откреплении сюжета и акта рассказывания от ритуала. ^Момент этого открепления от обряда есть начало истории сказки, тогда как ее синкретизм с обрядом представляет собой ее доисторию.
...
Связь этих обрядов с мифами и связь их обоих со сказкой еще совершенно не исследована.
...
- Из всего сказанного видно, что уже очень рано начинается «профанация» священного сюжета (под «профанацией» понимаем превращение священного рассказа в профанный, т. е. не духовный, не эсотеричёский, а художественный). Это и есть момент рождения собственно сказки. Но отделить, где кончается священный рассказ и начинается сказка, — невозможно.

-- В. Пропп. Исторические корни волшебной сказки.


Rituals recreate myths and give rise to stories, which in turn lead to literature and, in the case of Ancient Greece, result in philosophy. Alternatively or, most likely coincidently, in Ancient Egypt and Babylon, myth and rituals give rise to astrology and mathematics.

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