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[personal profile] timelets
By using the concept of stabilization, we see that the “invention” of the safety bicycle was not an isolated event (1884), but a nineteen-year process (1879– 98).

By the end of the period, the phrase “safety bicycle” denoted a low-wheeled bicycle with rear chain drive, diamond frame, and air tires. As a result of the stabilization of the artifact after 1898, one did not need to specify these details: They were taken for granted as the essential “ingredients” of the safety bicycle.
Bijker, Wiebe E., et al. The Social Construction of Technological Systems : New Directions in the Sociology and History of Technology, MIT Press, 2012.

Date: 2017-12-11 03:39 am (UTC)
From: [personal profile] ygam
То же самое с ЭВМ. Первая программируемая электронная вычислительная машина общего назначения - это ЭНИАК, 1946 год. Но если ослабить требования, то всплывет и британский Колосс, и машина Атанасова-Берри, и машины Конрада Цузе и т. д.

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