Jun. 2nd, 2016
Social Security - a thought experiment
Jun. 2nd, 2016 02:13 pmIn 2010, life expectancy at birth looked like this:
In 1935, when the Social Security Administration was established, life expectancy at birth was as follows:
At the time, the retirement age was set at 65, both for men and women. For a white man, that was 4 years above his life expectancy; for a white woman it was equal to her life expectancy. For all intents and purposes, blacks were excluded from the system.
If Social Security were established today under similar asumptions, retirment age would be set at around 80.
upd: I'm currently reading Okun's "The Great Trade-off: Equality and Efficiency. He writes (p. 102)
I believe he wrote it in 1974 when problems with the program didn't look apparent at all.
All races |
White |
Black |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year |
Both sexes |
Male |
Female |
Both sexes |
Male |
Female |
Both sexes |
Male |
Female |
2010 | 78.7 | 76.2 | 81.1 | 79.0 | 76.5 | 81.3 | 75.1 | 71.8 | 78.0 |
2007 | 77.9 | 75.4 | 80.4 | 78.4 | 75.9 | 80.8 | 73.6 | 70.0 | 76.8 |
In 1935, when the Social Security Administration was established, life expectancy at birth was as follows:
1940 | 62.9 | 60.8 | 65.2 | 64.2 | 62.1 | 66.6 | — | — | — |
1935 | 61.7 | 59.9 | 63.9 | 62.9 | 61.0 | 65.0 | 53.1 | 51.1 | 55.2 |
1930 | 59.7 | 58.1 | 61.6 | 61.4 | 59.7 | 63.5 | 48.1 | 47.3 | 49.2 |
At the time, the retirement age was set at 65, both for men and women. For a white man, that was 4 years above his life expectancy; for a white woman it was equal to her life expectancy. For all intents and purposes, blacks were excluded from the system.
If Social Security were established today under similar asumptions, retirment age would be set at around 80.
upd: I'm currently reading Okun's "The Great Trade-off: Equality and Efficiency. He writes (p. 102)
In terms of public attitudes, social security is probably the greatest success of any major federal expenditure program in American history. And it has brought the nation within sight of ending poverty for the aged.
I believe he wrote it in 1974 when problems with the program didn't look apparent at all.
Побочный эффект культа Победы
Jun. 2nd, 2016 09:48 pmСознательно или бессознательно, культ Победы в России ведет к тому, что не просто смешивает служение обществу со служением государству, но и представляет служение государству как самый ценный способ служению обществу. В такой культуре невозможны Генри Форд, Игорь Сикорский, Владимир Зворыкин, Стив Джобс и другие инноваторы, которые служили обществу путем создания нового уровня потребления. Зато Калашников и Гагарин празднуются на ура. Пушкин Лермонтович Толстоевский тоже молодец, потому что его стихи можно включить в школьную программу и проверять учеников, выучили они это наизусть, или нет.
Скажи-ка, дядя, ведь недаром
Москва, спалённая пожаром,
Французу отдана?
Ведь были ж схватки боевые,
Да, говорят, ещё какие!
Недаром помнит вся Россия
Про день Бородина!
Скажи-ка, дядя, ведь недаром
Москва, спалённая пожаром,
Французу отдана?
Ведь были ж схватки боевые,
Да, говорят, ещё какие!
Недаром помнит вся Россия
Про день Бородина!